• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    A spark-ignition, air-compressing, internal combustion engine having a combustion chamber in the shape of a body of revolution with a constricted opening in the piston crown. The injection nozzle is located in the cylinder head near the edge of the combustion chamber and the spark plug, opposite the injection nozzle, extends into the combustion chamber at the top dead center position of the piston. Mixture formation is predominantly by deposition of the fuel on the combustion chamber wall. In such an internal combustion engine, it is desired in applying the concept to a supercharged engine to satisfy the enhanced requirements with respect to mixture formation reliably in all ranges of operation, whereby a further improvement of ignition stability is also to be provided. This is essentially achieved by the special shape and proportioning of the combustion chamber, and in particular by the use of two arcs to form the side wall thereof, and a third arc, which joins the side wall, to form the bottom.
    公开号:SU1739860A3
    申请号:SU874203313
    申请日:1987-09-21
    公开日:1992-06-07
    发明作者:Хмела Франц；Херцог Вальтер；Майер Рихард
    申请人:Франц Хмела, Вальтер Херцог и Рихард Майер (Ш)；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    The invention relates to mechanical engineering, in particular, to engine construction, in particular to internal combustion engines with direct fuel injection and forced ignition.
    An internal combustion engine with direct fuel injection and forced ignition is known, comprising at least one cylinder with a piston, a cylinder head, a nozzle with a spray port and an ignition device with electrodes, a combustion chamber made in the bottom of the piston in the shape of a rotating body in the latter. the form of a constricted neck and a recess conjugated to each other, which in the cross section consists of curvilinear sections of different radii, and the adaptation of dp to create rotational movement of air in the combustion chamber, with the piston in the top dead center, the spray nozzle opening is located near the edge of the throat, and the ignition device electrodes are placed in a groove made in the side wall of the combustion chamber opposite the nozzle, the first curved section is located maximum diameter plane
    five
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    the second section of the combustion chamber is from this plane to conjugation of the bottom of the excavation, the maximum diameter of the combustion chamber is 0.5-0.7 of the diameter of the piston, the height of the neck is 0.1-0.15 of the depth of the combustion chamber and the diameter the throat is 0.85 - 0.95, the maximum diameter of the combustion chamber.
    In a known engine, the main problem is to ensure that the mixture of air and fuel is ignited under all possible operating conditions, be it cold start, idling or nominal load. This means that in a space of several cubic millimeters
     between the electrodes of the spark plug through which the ignition spark passes during the breakdown of the spark, the composition of the mixture must be ignited long enough within a time frame to form a sufficiently large flame to further burn the mixture filling the cylinder. Since the rate of movement of air in the combustion chamber and the amount of fuel injected varies over wide limits, this problem can only be solved by carefully coordinating a number of parameters, such as shape and
    S
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    the mutual arrangement of the combustion chamber, the injection jet and the spark plug electrodes, then the intensity of the swirling flow, as well as the position of the phases of the injection and ignition processes. At the same time, it is necessary to monitor the specific fuel consumption, the characteristic of exhaust gases and the load of structural parts.
    All this can be done in the famous free-flowing naturally aspirated engine. During the transition from a free-intake engine to a more powerful supercharged engine, the degree of difficulty in creating the described operating conditions increases, since here both the injected amount of fuel and the amount of air supplied change over a wide range compared to the lower-intake engine. idling and nominal load (there are long intervals in injection quantities and in air speeds). At. This is particularly important form of the piston combustion chamber.
    The shape of the combustion chamber and the position of the jet according to the prior art in an internal combustion engine with supercharging with a large number of revolutions and a small engine load make the mixture quality too poor. To achieve an improvement in the operation of such an engine it would be possible to approach the jet to the spark plug. This would eliminate the difficulties with partial engine load, but would further increase the difficulties already large in the area of higher loads (the mixture is rich) due to the greater fuel supply. Therefore, it is better to overcome the difficulties of partial loads by the fact that, with the jet position unchanged, the curvature of the wall of the combustion chamber increases, and the mixture near the spark plug is thus enriched. The very large curvature of the wall of the combustion chamber required for this would lead to an unfavorably large and flat combustion chamber in terms of
    the technology of formation of the mixture and its combustion would reduce too much the required vortex intensity. In addition, with a higher engine load, the film thickness would be too large, which leads to drawbacks due to incomplete
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    398606
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    Combustion (mixture is too rich in the area of higher loads).
    The purpose of the invention is to increase the reliability of ignition of the mixture and increase durability.
    The goal is achieved by the fact that in an internal combustion engine with direct fuel injection and forced ignition, containing at least one cylinder with a piston placed in it, a cylinder head, a nozzle with a spray hole and an ignition device with electrodes, a combustion chamber made in the bottom of the piston in the form of a body of rotation in the form of a constricted neck and a recess adjoining each other, which in the cross section consists of curvilinear sections of different radii mustache, and a device for creating rotational movement of air in the combustion chamber, with the piston at top dead center positioning the spray hole of the nozzle located near the edge of the throat, and the electrodes of the ignition device are placed in a groove made in the side wall of the combustion chamber opposite
    30 to the nozzle, the first curvilinear section is located from the mouth of the neck to the intersection with the plane of the maximum diameter of the combustion chamber, the second section from this plane
    5 to the interface with the generatrix of the recess, the maximum diameter of the combustion chamber is 0.5-0.7 of the diameter of the piston, the throat height is 0.1-0.15 of the depth of the combustion chamber, and
    40, the throat diameter is 0.85 - 0.95 of the maximum diameter of the combustion chamber, forming the bottom of the recess made in the form of the third curvilinear section, the distance from the plane of the maximum diameter of the combustion chamber to the bottom of the piston is 0.42 - 0.7 of the depth combustion chambers, and the radii of curvilinear sections, respectively, are R 0.35 - 1.2,
    50 Ra ° 1 and R3 3.2 - 4 from the depth of the combustion chamber. In addition, the ignition device may be inclined outwardly from the combustion chamber, and one of the electrodes of the ignition device may be made in the shape of a hook.
    The drawing shows the proposed engine, a longitudinal section.
    7
    The internal combustion engine contains a cylinder 1 with a piston 2 placed in it, a cylinder head 3 of cylinder 1 installed in the last nozzle 4 with a spray hole 5 and an ignition device 6 with electrodes, a combustion chamber in the middle or approximately in the middle of the bottom 7 of the piston 2 according to the shape of the body of rotation the form of constricted neck 8 and recess 9, which in cross section consists of curvilinear sections 10 - 1Ј of different radii R - 1C, and a device for creating rotational movement of air in the combustion chamber no. Spray hole
    5 nozzles 4 with piston position
    2 is located near the top of the throat 8 at the top dead center, and the electrodes of the ignition device b are located in the bore 13, made in the bottom 7 of the piston 2 and the side wall 14 of the combustion chamber opposite the nozzle 4. The first curvilinear section 10 is located from the generator of the neck 8 to the intersection with the plane the maximum diameter DB of the combustion chamber, the second section 11 from this plane to mating with the bottom of the recess 9, the maximum diameter DB of the combustion chamber is 0.5-0.7 of the diameter DK of the piston 2, the height tH of the neck 8 is 0, 1 - 0.15 from the depths of the combustion chamber TV, and the diameter dH of the neck 8 is 0.85 - 0.95 of the maximum diameter D6 of the combustion chamber. The forming bottom of the recess 9 is made in the form of a third curved section 12, the distance tD from the plane of maximum diameter Dg of the combustion chamber to the bottom 7 of piston 2 is 0.42-0.7 of the depth T of the combustion chamber, and radii R 4 - RJ of curvilinear sections 10 - 1 2, respectively, is R 0.35 - 1.2, R2 0.1 - 0.4 and RJ 3.2 - 4 (the center of radius RJ is on the longitudinal axis X of the combustion chamber), from the depth T & combustion chambers. The ignition device 6 consists of several rod electrodes. Devices may also be used.
    6 ignition, one of the electrodes which is made in the form of a hook. The ignition device 6 extends obliquely outward from the combustion chamber (relative to the position of the piston 2 in the upper
    dead center). This avoids
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    398608
    to press the passage of the hole for embedding the device 6 (candles) through the valve cover of the head 3 of the cylinder 1 (which is necessary for the ignition device installed perpendicular to the bottom 7 of the piston 2). The installation of the ignition device 6 was made possible by the achieved improvement in the formation of the mixture.
    An ignition device without protruding electrodes in the form of a rod or hook can also be used. By means of such an ignition device, the rate of firing of the electrodes is further reduced.
    The engine works as follows.
    Liquid fuel from the nozzle 4, the torus is displaced relative to the center of the head 3 of cylinder 1, at a suitable point in time from the point of view of conditions, operation and kind of fuel (boiling point and flammability) injects, with only one stream 15, into the combustion chamber in the direction of rotating air . The point 16 of the jet 1) fuel on the wall 14 of the combustion chamber is located in the region of the maximum diameter DB of the combustion chamber (in
    30 position of the upper dead point of the piston 2).
    权利要求:
    Claims (3)
    [1]
    Invention Formula
    35 1 "An internal combustion engine with direct fuel injection and forced ignition, containing at least one cylinder with a piston inside it, a head
    40 cylinders installed in the last nozzle with a spray hole and an ignition device with electrodes, a combustion chamber made in the bottom of the piston in the shape of a rotating body in the form
    45 constricted neck and grooves, which in the cross section consists of curvilinear sections of different radii, and a device for creating rotational movement of air in the combustion chamber, and when the piston is in the top dead center, the spray hole of the nozzle is located near the edge necks, - and the electrodes of the ignition device are located1 in a groove made in the side wall of the combustion chamber opposite the nozzle, the first curvilinear section is located from the orqi
    half to the intersection with the plane of the maximum diameter of the combustion chamber, the second section from this plane to mating with the bottom of the excavation, the maximum diameter of the combustion chamber is 0.5-0.7 of the piston diameter, the throat height is 0, 1-0.15 the depth of the combustion chamber, and the diameter of the neck is 0.85 - 0.95 maximum diameter of the combustion chamber, characterized in that, in order to increase the reliability of the ignition of the mixture and increase the durability, which forms the bottom of the excavation, the third curvilinear section
    39860, Yu
    from the plane of the maximum diameter of the combustion chamber to the bottom of the piston is 0.42–0.7 the depth of the combustion chamber, and the radii of the curvilinear sections, respectively, R R —0.35 - 1.2, R — 0.1 - 0.4 and R3 - 3.2-4 depths of the combustion chamber.
    [2]
    2. An engine according to claim 1, characterized in that the ignition device is inclined outwardly from the combustion chamber.
    to
    [3]
    3. The engine according to claims 1 and 2, o t -., Characterized in that one of the electrodes of the ignition device is made in the shape of a hook.
    类似技术:
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    SU1090904A1|1984-05-07|Internal combustion engine
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
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    IT8721553D0|1987-07-31|
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    引用文献:
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    DE969826C|1942-04-17|1958-07-24|Oesterr Saurer Werke Ag|Four-stroke internal combustion engine|
    US2921566A|1955-06-10|1960-01-19|Maschf Augsburg Nuernberg Ag|Internal combustion engine and method of operating it|
    US3020898A|1958-01-02|1962-02-13|Daimler Benz Ag|Diesel engine|
    US3140697A|1959-12-28|1964-07-14|Renault|Compression ignition engines|
    GB1062174A|1962-09-13|1967-03-15|Augsberg Nuernberg A G Maschf|Improvements in and relating to internal combustion engines|
    AT279268B|1963-08-30|1970-02-25|Maschf Augsburg Nuernberg Ag|INJECTION COMBUSTION MACHINE WITH EXTERNAL IGNITION|
    FR1368567A|1963-09-09|1964-07-31|Maschf Augsburg Nuernberg Ag|Internal combustion engine, injection, combustion chamber provided in the piston or in the cylinder head|
    US3315650A|1965-09-17|1967-04-25|Ford Motor Co|Internal combustion engine combustion process|
    DE2038048C3|1970-07-31|1975-06-19|Maschinenfabrik Augsburg-Nuernberg Ag, 8500 Nuernberg|Air-compressing, direct-injection internal combustion engine|
    CA992415A|1972-08-25|1976-07-06|Isuzu Motors Limited|Construction arrangement of combustion chamber for use in direct fuel injection type diesel engines|
    DE2611624C2|1976-03-19|1982-06-03|M.A.N. Maschinenfabrik Augsburg-Nürnberg AG, 8500 Nürnberg|Externally ignited, air-compressing internal combustion engine|
    SU781376A1|1976-07-19|1980-11-23|Волгоградский Политехнический Институт|Forced-ignition i.c. engine|
    GB1540457A|1976-09-23|1979-02-14|Lister & Co Ltd R|Piston for an internal combustion engine|
    DE2815717A1|1977-04-29|1978-11-02|List Hans|AIR COMPRESSING, DIRECT INJECTING COMBUSTION ENGINE|
    DE2755916C2|1977-12-15|1982-07-08|M.A.N. Maschinenfabrik Augsburg-Nürnberg AG, 8500 Nürnberg|Method for burning externally igniting fuels in an air-compressing, direct-injection internal combustion engine|
    DE3004580C2|1980-02-08|1982-06-16|Klöckner-Humboldt-Deutz AG, 5000 Köln|Air-compressing reciprocating internal combustion engine|
    IT1171348B|1980-07-09|1987-06-10|Daimler Benz Ag|SELF-IGNITION INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE WITH ROTATION SYMMETRY FISTON CAVITY|
    DE3121344C2|1981-05-29|1983-11-10|M.A.N. Maschinenfabrik Augsburg-Nürnberg AG, 8500 Nürnberg|Air-compressing, direct-injection internal combustion engine|
    JPS5912120A|1982-07-13|1984-01-21|Toyota Central Res & Dev Lab Inc|Direct injection type internal combustion engine|
    DE3245780C1|1982-12-10|1983-12-29|M.A.N. Maschinenfabrik Augsburg-Nürnberg AG, 8500 Nürnberg|Externally ignited, air compressing internal combustion engine|JPH0299718A|1988-10-07|1990-04-11|Mitsubishi Motors Corp|Combustion chamber structure of direct injection diesel engine|
    US4883032A|1989-01-23|1989-11-28|Ford Motor Company|In-cylinder control of particulates and nitric oxide for diesel engine|
    WO1997035102A1|1996-03-19|1997-09-25|Outboard Marine Corporation|Two-stroke engine piston bowl configurations|
    US5727535A|1996-09-04|1998-03-17|Wallace; William K.|Hemispherical piston combustion chamber apparatus|
    GB2330177A|1997-10-09|1999-04-14|Ford Global Tech Inc|Prevention of auto-ignition in end gas regions of a cylinder of a gasoline spark-ignition i.c engine|
    AT3135U1|1998-06-18|1999-10-25|Avl List Gmbh|METHOD FOR OPERATING AN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE OPERATING WITH ANY ALTERNATIVE, OR ALSO AUTO, IGNITION|
    EP0972917A1|1998-07-14|2000-01-19|Konotech s.r.o.|Four stroke engine and method for operating such engine|
    AT5133U1|2000-10-03|2002-03-25|Avl List Gmbh|METHOD FOR OPERATING AN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE OPERATING WITH A SELF-IGNITABLE FUEL|
    AT5295U1|2000-12-18|2002-05-27|Avl List Gmbh|METHOD FOR OPERATING AN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE|
    DE102012103212A1|2012-04-13|2013-10-17|Mwm Gmbh|Piston of an internal combustion engine|
    DE102012103193B4|2012-04-13|2018-05-30|Caterpillar Energy Solutions Gmbh|Use of a piston for an Otto engine with external mixture formation and gasoline engine|
    DE102012103206B4|2012-04-13|2017-08-03|Caterpillar Energy Solutions Gmbh|Piston of an internal combustion engine|
    DE102012103195A1|2012-04-13|2013-10-17|Mwm Gmbh|Piston of an internal combustion engine|
    US9429101B2|2013-08-21|2016-08-30|Caterpillar Inc.|Combustion engine piston and engine using same|
    AT17205U1|2020-06-18|2021-09-15|Innio Jenbacher Gmbh & Co Og|Pistons for internal combustion engine and internal combustion engine with such|
    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    DE3632579A|DE3632579C2|1986-09-25|1986-09-25|
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